Cardiovascular disease is disorder of the heart and blood circulation. These are the leading causes of death in the country.The most common disorder is hypertension and atherosclerosis. They affect blood circulation, which can lead to myocardial infarction (heart attack).
Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death among women and men in Europe. It accounts for almost half of all deaths in Europe causing over 4,35 million deaths each year in the 52 member states of the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region and more than 1.9 million deaths each year. Cardiovascular disease is also a major cause of disability and a reduced quality of life.In Malaysia the cardiovascular that is the most popular and well known for many years before and has become “The No.1” disease that killed people.Most of the victim are among the people who at the middle age that is 40 years old and above.
So far, cardiovascular disease is highly preventable. WHO estimates that modest population-wide and simultaneous reductions in blood pressure, obesity, cholesterol and tobacco use would more than halve cardiovascular disease incidence.
The well-known, main risk factors for cardiovascular disease are tobacco use and raised blood pressure and blood cholesterol, factors directly related to individual lifestyle and eating habits as well as physical activity levels. Other factors associated with cardiovascular disease include overweight and obesity, diabetes mellitus, excessive alcohol consumption and psychosocial stress. Lacking of exercise and wrongly eating habit are factor that is very possible why the heart disease come to fatal and worse.
Age, for old people are prone to have this disease,including gender there are statics show male are higher getting the risk of getting cardiovascular disease.In this situation the person who are committed to get this disease should be more attention especially for their healthy life.By getting 40 years or older the person should be more responsible and keep obtaining a balanced diet.Besides having a good relationship between the family members and focus on having a good perception.
Atherosclerotic vascular disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in people with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is associated with a two to three-fold-increased risk of coronary heart disease in men and a four to five-fold increase in pre-menopausal women.
The risk conferred by diabetes is independent of and additional to the other major risk factors,Smoking,Hypertension,Hyperlipidaemia,Microalbuminuria or proteinuria,Obesity, and adverse family history. So, all the person who know their relatives and friends are concerning to keep those bonding together.Sometimes we might feel the decision are not same, avoiding the situation and practising the correct way of life all will be stilled.
Ischemic Heart Disease is the technical term for obstruction of blood flow to the heart. In general this results because excess fat or plaque deposits are narrowing the veins that supply oxygenated blood to the heart. Excess buildup of fat or plaque is respectively termed arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis. Equally significant would be inadequate oxygen flow to the brain, which causes a stroke.
Angina pectoris if affected to a person, that individual may not exhibit any symptoms under resting condition. Acute pain in the chest occurs during strenuous physical exercise or emotional stress. The narrowing coronary artery may supply sufficient oxygen and nutrient laden blood to the cardiac muscles during normal activities but is unable to supply adequate blood needed for increased activities.
Hypertension is occurred when blood pressure is the force of the blood exerted on the walls of the blood vessels.Arterial blood pressure is the highest during ventricular systole and lowest during diastole.It result from gradual increase in the resistance to blood flow through the arteries.This may be due to the narrowing of the artery lumen and reduced elasticity.The heart has to pump harder to force the blood through.Overtime, blood pressure is 120(systolic/80diastolic)mm Hg.However for a person who has hypertensi, gives measurement of blood pressure ≥140 (systolic/90diastolic) mm Hg and reading of 160/95 is considered dangerous.
Arteriosclerosis refer to a group of cardiovascular disorders that have in common, the thickenig ,hardening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls.There are three main forms of arteriosclorisis (usually characterised by the formotion of atheromatous plaque).Monckeberg’s medical clacific sclerosis (clacification of the media layer of muscular arteris).Arteriolosclerosis (proliferative or hyaline thickening of the wall of small arteries and arterioles) .
An acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a set of signs and symptoms (syndrome) related to the heart. ACS is compatible with a diagnosis of acute myocardial ischemia, but it is not pathognomonic.
The subtypes of acute coronary syndrome include unstable angina and two forms of myocardial infarction , in which heart muscle is damaged. ACS should be distinguished from stable angina, which develops during exertion and resolves at rest. In contrast with stable angina, unstable angina occurs suddenly, often at rest or with minimal exertion, or at lesser degrees of exertion than the individual's previous angina ("crescendo angina"). New onset angina is also considered unstable angina, since it suggests a new problem in a coronary artery.
Though ACS is usually associated with coronary thrombosis, it can also be associated with cocaine use. Cardiac chest pain can also be precipitated by anemia, bradycardias (excessively slow heart rate) or tachycardias (excessively fast heart rate)
Heart attack, as the coronary artery becomes more blocked, there is insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the cardiac muscle. That region of the muscle dies resulting in a heart attack. If only small area of muscle dies, the person can recover. However, extensive cardiac muscle damage can cause death.
Infection of the heart, carditis and endocarditis, is an additional complication that can occur as a result of a weak immune system, liver problems, heart surgery, or from an autoimmune disorder like rheumatic fever. Endocarditis is quite common in persons with compromised immune systems from HIV or AIDS. If not appropriately handled, permanent heart muscle damage can occur from the infect
High Blood Pressure (hypertension) often results from this excess fat or plaque buildup because of the extra effort it takes to circulate blood. Even though the heart works harder, blockages still shortchange the needed blood supply to all areas of the body. The body's amazing survival systems will mask the subtle damage that is occurring from this extra wear and tear, but not forever. High blood pressure is called "The Silent Killer" because the first warning sign is an angina attack or a deadly heart attack or a stroke.
A prevention can be takes, by applying a balanced diet low in saturated fats and cholesterol, sufficient anti-oxidant vitamins (A,C and E),fruits ,green leafy vegetable and soluble fibres may be protective against cardiovascular disease.Eating the fruits and vegetable are good for our digestion system.For example to avoid been getting constipation the person should eats more fruits to prevent the problem.The correct eat habit are eat when we feel hungry and do not eat more than we should.
Vitamin B6, B12 and folic acid help to prevent an elevated level of homocysteine in the blood and decrease the risk of atherosclerosis, blood clots in vessels and strokes.Usually to take abalanced vitamins we can also eats supplement or other herbs, this is because natural herbs and other can be used.But certain need to be investigate before eat the natural herbs or medicine.
Regular moderate exercise, maintaining a proper weight and not smoking helps to reduce hypertension and the occurrence of heart attacks.Exercise such as jogging can relese our tension and also improve our cardiovascular stamina.So when we can obtain more stamina, every works that we do can be done easily and we can also improve our heart circulation.besides jogging we can also play badminton or walk around the place that we lived.For more cheaper we can still used bicycle or running around.
A treatment can be taken especially medical treatment such as the use of drugs for example beta blocking drugs (antihypertensive drug).t-PA (tissue plasminogen activator, to dissolve blood clots) and drugs to lower blood cholesterol level.Although we take medicine from the hospital we must also,keep away the unhealthy lifestyle before we are becoming the victim of it.
Balloon angioplasty and coronary bypass operation are also available to control cardiovascular disease. This operation and process is actually successful but certain time it can also cause danger to the person and the patient. the risk that they may encounter.
A heart transplant may be advice for a badly damage heart and where all other treatment are unsuccessful .However demand greatly exceeds the availability of donor hearts. I the person get unsuitable donor the person can suffer from the wrong heart donor. Sometimes when the donor is not suitable, the patient must wait until they meet the suitable donor.
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